“ Report of ` TRAP Foundation ‘ for GYSD 16-18 April 2004.”

Background information of TRAP foundation:

The global youth service day 16-18 April 2004 was celebrated to recognize, and mobilize youth contribution for integrated community development. This sometimes and for some youths energized and empowered to excel in their prime, area of concern leading to development of their personality, family and community as a whole.
The TRAP foundation with 90 volunteers 5 facilitators and 90 parents, initiated 2 agriculture and animal husbandry programmes in 45 village on 16th-30th April 2005with further break-up of activities to be taken up in ensuring 2004-05 period. The action is well planned, designed and committed to take up with the kind suggest by BIRDS KVK concern organizations, NCDP(New Community Development Project), MPC(Medical Plants Conservation), B.S.W college and above all scientific staff of Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Farm Science Center) a central government sponsored by TOT(Transfer of Technology)center.
In this process of development promotion the college students of Bachelor of Social Works, youth associations in the working villages and interested creative youths are encouraged and mobilized to involve planned developmental activities of TRAP Foundation.


1. Contact Person : Dr. Shashikumar S, Training Organizer Krishi vigyan kendra.
2. Mr. A.R.Patil, Chairman T.R.A.P-Foundation

3. Organization mailing address :TRAP Foundation (post) Naganur, (tq) Gokak, (dist) Belgaum, (state) Karnataka, (pin-code) 591319 INDIA

4. Krishi vigyan kendra, Tukkanatti, Gokak Tq, Belgaum Dt, Karnataka State, India

5. Phone : +91-(08332)-384978, +91- (08334) 388612, 388622

6. Fax : +91-(08332)-223345

7. E-mail: arpartil@naganur.com

8. Project description : Planned to intervene in ensuring year(2004-05):
I. Vermicomposting
1) Information about different worms
2) Lifecycle of worms
3) Preparation of bed
4) Control of enemies (Termites, ants, rat, snake etc)
5) Maintenance if moisture in bed
6) Separation of verms and compost
7) Benefits by compost in Horticultural and Agricultural field crops.
8) Nutrient content in vermin-compost
9) Bed preparation practiced by participants.

II. Calf rearing
1) Placing the calf in worm and dry place
2) Cleaning of nostrils, ears and eyes
3) Cut the umbilicus 2” inch apart and tie with cotton thread and apply tincture Iodine.
4) Feeding of colostrums within half an hour.
5) After one week
i) Feed the calf with milk 2 lits/day
ii) Deworming after 15 days
iii) Feeding of small amount of concentrated ion along with milk
iv) Disbudding of horns within one month
v) Feeding of milk 2 lits/day up to 3 months
vi) Feeding of green fodder and dry fodder after 6 months

III. Importance of Infectious diseases in Animals prevention
1) FMD vaccination twice in a year
2) HSSBQ vaccination before monsoon
3) Anthrax vaccination once in a year
4) Mastitis maintenance of hygiene and disinfectants
5) Parasitic diseases deworming


9. Participants : 180 (Volunteers & Parents)

10. When : 16th – 30th April 2004

11. Where : 45 villages of Belgaum district, Karnataka state

12. Technology intervened : Service – learning activities through (Farmer Field School Concept.)
Community project planned, preparation of vermin composting, calf rearing and animal health care.
KVK scientist G.S.Patted explained practically in the farmers field about methods of rearing earthworms, multiplication, importance and uses of vermi-compost to the participants and he assured to provide earthworms within 15 days to participants for rearing with the help up T.R.A.P.Foundation. Afterwards in the second session he explained about the Animal husbandry management, prevention and control of diseases balanced feed formulation and feeding habits and selection of breed when dairy farming open as main enterprise.
In the session another KVK scientist N.R.Salimath explained about the methods of composting and how to make use of waste products in the field like dried gross, sugarcane, Banana waste ----- raw materials along with cow dung for preparation of compost.

13. Extent of engages of youth volunteers: 90

14. Fund raised and other support: Village institutes and community people

15. Project period : One year April 2004 to March 2005
1) Monthly training to participants
2) Follow-up by programme officers NCDP
3) Follow-up report: to be submitted by programme officers to KVK & T.R.A.P-Foundation fortnightly
4) Feedback : by participants during training period
5) Suggestions by facilitators during quarterly meeting
6) Evaluation and monitoring by TRAP chairman and Training organizer KVK, community leaders(VCC,G.P. members, progressive farmers)policy makers and SAC members

16. Impact of GYSD – Extent of success
The first GYSD organized by TRAP Foundation was very much successful with the involvement of all the sister concerned organisations of TRAP foundation. The event was conducted with the major focus on vermi-composting promotional activities and animal husbandry related activities. The involvement of volunteers, parents and subject matter specialists were over haulming and appreciable, which could definitely bring about economic empowerments of people and community development.

During Global Youth Service Day-April 11th -13th,2003, we Belgaum Integrated Rural Development Society-Naganur(BIRDS) and T.R.A.P.Foundation Jointly organized a state wide program on awareness on H.I.V./A.I.D.S.& S.T.D. disease- from 11th – 15th April 2003.
The Discussion is held on the subject The Role of youth in local Governance. The key speaker: Farmer minister of Karnataka (State)-India.
The speech on Global Youth Service Day by: Professor. R.Y.Sirur, college of social work,
In Belgaum District about 50 rural youth’s were participated in celebration, the following subject was discussed to over come from the problem.
1. Deflating Under ground water.
2. Decrease in food crops in irrigation area and un-secure to food crop’s.
3. Less education in rural youth’s (below 10th standard).
4. Problem in communication with outer world (English).
5. Lack of self-employment.
Above are the major problem’s came from youth’s. To over come these problems we all planed a program: - 1.To over come the problem of under ground water we planed to take up mass awareness on water harvesting methods in Belgaum district with collaboration with 50 youth organization.
2. To minimize the effect on food crop’s in irrigation area we planed to take up help up B.I.R.D.S(K.V.K) Farm Science Center-I.C.A.R. , all youth organization were agreed to give awareness on important of food crop’s in coming years, (For All youth organization we will give a training on inter cropping of food crop’s with sugar-cane, wheat, ect.. )
3. To expand the education & self-employment, B.I.R.D.S is all ready working with rural youth’s (from age group 15 to 40) in 45 villages of Gokak Taluk, Belgaum District. (Education throw Skill Development).
Tree Planting Program.
From May 11th to 15th 2003 on the behalf of Global Youth Service Day April 11th -13th ,2003 we planed to go to the rural area’s in three taluk, to motivate other rural youth’s on planting trees in villages.
In first phase of the program every youth organization will take part to motivate the local youth’s to plant at least 1000 plants in one village. The season for the planting will be first week of July to October-2003 if monsoon comes.
From two years the program of planting trees is getting postponed due to absence of monsoon.
This is our small program on Global Youth Service Day April 11th -13th, 2003.
By
R.M.Patil A.R.Patil

Today the youth of the country are lacking there soul strength, due to there social backwardness, educational backwardness, & economical backwardness.
They are depressed from thousand years, after the independence most of the community’s were given opportunity in getting education, & getting a job in government service.
Today the situation is completely different from past 50 years, because most of the backward class people were appointed as teacher’s of the primary school after 1990.
Before 1990(in Karnataka state) most of the people use to say that Brahmins and Kshatriyas were control the education institution, after 1990 most of the backward class born teachers children’s are studying in private school’s and competing to government job’s .
Let us think why those government school teachers don’t put there children in there same school were they teach to rural children.
Most of the rural children are effected to Dyslexia (difficulties in Reading, Spelling, Writing, Handwriting, Number, problem in Organization, Concentration, Language, Memory) because of there lack of teaching skill’s they think that if they take there children in same school the child may effect from getting good education, so the teachers don’t worry about the future effect to rural child in his life.
Let us think what will be the life of rural child.
Some children will out of school within the age of 13, some after 16 ages.
Some will complete there education but no full knowledge, these youth are today facing a critical situation in there life.
By taking this situation most of the money minded people and criminal minded & Religion minded people are taking opportunity to hypnotizing the youth in the name of improving the way of living standard, earning more property, Religion ,Politics.
By all this criminal activity in our mind for the sake of comparison of living standard,
The world may explode at any time with Nuclear because of our narrow desire.
Our first duty is that we should not be a burden on society; we should be self-dependent. From this point of view self-sufficiency itself is a kind of service. We shall use our spare time for the service of others. If all become self-sufficient none will be in trouble.
Even if we succeed in realizing self-sufficiency completely, man being a social being, we will have to accept service in some form or other.
That is, man is as much self-dependent as inter-dependent. When dependence becomes necessary in order to keep society in good order it is no longer dependence, but becomes co-operation. There is sweetness in co-operation; there is no one weak or strong among those who co-operate.
Let every man and woman and child, without respect of cast or birth, weakness or strength, hear and learn that behind the strong and the weak, behind the high and low, behind everyone, there is that Infinite Soul, assuring all the infinite possibility and the infinite capacity to become great and good. Let us proclaim to every soul: Arise, arise, awake! Awake from this hypnotism of weakness. None is really weak; the soul is infinite, omnipotent, and omniscient. Stand up, assert yourself, proclaim the God within you, do not deny Him!

A.R.Patil
Chairman
T.R.A.P.Foundation
Karnataka.

Risk management in agricultural water use

Natural resources of sunlight ,water and land constiute the primary life support systems for all forms of life-microbes,vegetation,animals and human beings.The inter-relationship and inter-dependencies among water, land,vegetation and animal resources determine the nature and kind of livelihood support systems.
To balance the natural resources, water play a major role in nature.
Now a day's in India (karnataka (state)) the distribution of rainfall in the state is highly erratic. The annual normal rainfall is 1138mm received over 55 rainy days. It varies from as low as 569mm in the east to as high as 4029mm in west. About 2/3rd of the geographical area of the state receives less than 750mm of rainfall. Even assured rainfall areas of the state experience scarcity of water in recent years.
Average annual surface water flow available in the country is estimated at around 1869 billion cubic meter (bcm). But only about 690bcm of this can be utilized in the addition to the annual replenishable ground water resources of 432bcm.Thus, the total utilizable water resource in the country is assessed at 1122bcm.At the national level the availability of water is declining. Annual internal renewable water resources in India fell by 652 cubic meter per capita just in two years from 1869cubic meter in 1998 to 1244 cubic meter in 2000. It is estimated that our total annual renewable water resources are of the order of some 350 million-hectare meter(mhm) of which around 160 mhm find their way back to the sea as river flow.
Most of the rainfed lands have undulating topography which generates huge proportion of rainfall into run-off (surface flows). This happens even in low rainfall areas (Northern Karnataka and adjoining areas of Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra with annual rainfall in the range of 300-600mm).
In areas with high run-off, even if the rainfall is very high there is acute water shortage even after rainy seasons, and particularly so in summary months. The drinking water problem has persisted largely due to adoption of cropping pattern with high water demanding crops in some parts of the rainfed areas.
The water resources in the country are unevenly distributed.some regions have abundance while others suffer from acute scarcity. Rainfall in India, the primary source of sweet water is characterized as erratic in quantum intensity and distribution.
The single most important task before the country in the field of India's water resource management is to pay special attention to rainwater conservation, especially which falls on our vast rainfed lands but most of which flows away from it.
The hydrological challenge is: how to relocate rainwater in time so that 4 months' rainwater can be utilized for 12 months' for multiple uses: human and livestock drinking, domestic consumption and life-saving irrigation, on which depends food-security in rainfed areas. Under the low rainfall situation in tropical/subtropical conditions and in the present scenario of depleting water resources, urgent attention is needed for sustainable development and utilization of water resources.
A drought is an extended period of below average precipitation and depleted soil water storage. It is a normal, recurrent feature of the climate, although many consider it a rare and random event. It occurs in virtually all-climatic zones although its characteristics vary. Droughts don't destroy buildings but can have an economically, socially and environmentally devastating effect. They can result in decreased crop yields, decreased drinking water quality and availability, and food shortages.However, they also cause severe economic and social problems due to serious losses in rural productivity and the widespread long-lasting degradation of land and other natural resources.
To overcome this sever problem in the world today, first we must think up recharging rainwater, and protecting the soil fertility.
[1] To recharge the rainwater there must be contour bunds compalsary, by applying bunds we can control soil erosion, reduce speedy surface-flow .It will heal to recharge rainwater.
[2] Speed-breaker type gabion structures to regulate the flow/velocity at appropriate points.
[3] Check-dams to streams.
[4] Gully-control measures with vegetative systems.
Drainage: Different types of drainage Drainage can be either natural or artificial. Many areas have some natural drainage; this means that excess water flows from the farmers' fields to swamps or to lakes and rivers. Natural drainage, however, is often inadequate and artificial or man-made drainage is required. There are two types of artificial drainage: surface drainage and subsurface drainage. Surface drainage. Surface drainage is the removal of excess water from the surface of the land. Shallow ditches, also called open drains normally accomplish this. The shallow ditches discharge into larger and deeper collector drains. In order to facilitate the flow of excess water toward the drains, the field is given an artificial slope by means of land grading. Subsurface drainage. Subsurface drainage is the removal of water from the rootzone. It is accomplished by deep open drains. i. Deep open drains: The excess water from the rootzone flows into the open drains the disadvantage of this type of subsurface drainage is that it makes the use of machinery difficult. ii. Pipe drains :Pipe drains are buried pipes with openings through which the soil water can enter. The pipes convey the water to a collector drain. Drain pipes are made of concrete or plastic. They are usually placed in trenches by machines. In concrete pipes (usually 30 cm long and 5 - 10 cm in diameter) drainage water enters the pipes through the jointsFlexible plastic drains are much longer (up to 200 m) and the water enters through perforations distributed over the entire length of the pipe. iii. Deep open drains versus pipe drains :Open drains use land that otherwise could be used for crops. They restrict the use of machines. They also require a large number of bridges and culverts for road crossings and access to the fields. Open drains require frequent maintenance (weed control, repairs, etc.). In contrast to open drains, pipes cause no loss of cultivable land and maintenance requirements are very limited. The installation costs, however, of pipe drains may be higher due to the materials, the equipment and the skilled manpower involved.
Iv) The drainage’s must come from high lands to low lands. The main trench must be connected to big stream.
v) The government or the donor agency must take pipes manufacture &distribution.
vi) Drip & sprinkler must take into place.
vii) Food storage must be given to grass-root level.
viii) Cropping pattern: cropping pattern must be maintained according to the soil and climate condition. Government must take responsibility of cash&food crops marketing. And see that there must be no huge difference between cash&food crops. Because after green revolution in India, all farmers turned towards cash crops (cotton, sugar cane, wheat, tobacco, arecanut, maize, ECT...) and all traditional crops & vegitable were vanished. Today all agricultural land is degraded due to heavy irrigation. It has already been noted that in the beginning of the water use from canals, there has been a rapid growth, in cropping programs, resulting in increased yields of cereals, millets and oilseeds, sugarcane and other crops. Later, with advent of water as a perennial source in the command areas, it has become a habit to grow constantly paddy and sugarcane as a major crop, irrespective of the land suitability. Monocropping has been the order of the day, which has not only brought soil exhaustion by continuous mining of the same minerals and degrading the soil of the leguminous flora and fauna, but also depriving the best land. Which otherwise would have brought richer dividends with strategy of alternate leguminous and oilseed crops. Salinity, alkalinity, loss of bases like Calcium and Magnesium, structural destruction of the soil, increasing toxic salts and other soil properties have been on a constant increase making these irrigated lands into degraded lands. Degradation has become a natural phenomenon with heavy human interference in the command areas by his thumb rule of applying higher doses of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, weedicides and other quick money devices by increasing the yield of a crop. In this race of higher production, the symbiotic living with nature and keeping a balanced ecosystem has been lost. Soil, which is a living heritage and sustenance of food fodder fiber and fuel have been totally neglected and is used only as a base without any protection and preservation. As a consequence of this, though water has been playing a vital role in increasing crop production has more or less become a factor in soil degradation, resulting in imbalance. The depletion can be seen in many forms. It is physical with the loss of soil structure referred to as physical degradation, chemical with loss of cations and becoming an acid soil referred to as chemical degradation and biological with loss of soil, flora and fauna referred to as biodegradation. In the command areas, all these forms of degradation and a combination of them can be evidenced in the irrigated tracts. Water use efficiency and health of the soil for crop suitability should be coupled up with soil management practices to bring a revolutionary change in LAND USE. Then only, the pedosphere, lithosphere & hydrosphere will be in harmony with the environment.

In view of unprecedented severe draught this year and its recurrence in future, there is an urgent need to evolve a giving adequate importance to protection and conservation of all inland water bodies of our country.
inland water bodies i.e.,Lakes,ponds,Check-dams,contour bunds.
They were built by our wise ancestors,maintained by foresighted citizens,but neglected by successive govt. and destroyed by present selfish generation.
Due to the severe draught the availability of fresh water is decreasing day by day.
Further the situation is becoming serious to the stage of a crisis due to uncontrolled pollution of the sources of water as well as increasing demands in various other sectors to improve the quality of life.
As total quantum of water on earth is finite, it is therefore imperative to conserve the water by minimizing wastage,improving the efficiency of use in various spheres with the view that it is available for future generations to come.
This can only be done if there is awareness amongst the people and are motivated to adopt conservation practices and educated to efficiently use the available water.